Debian Linux on Dell XPS 15

15 Mar 2023

linux

hardware

debian

dell

This is a small report and how-to on running Debian on Dell XPS 15 9520.

TL;DR:

on the whole, it works well
use Debian Bookworm or later
be aware of sound quality issues of built-in speakers on Linux
be aware of possible issues with dock station after hibernation

Table of contents

Installing Debian
Video
- 3.5K OLED display
  WORKS
- Touch display
  WORKS
- Integrated Intel video card
  WORKS
- Discrete NVIDIA video card
  REPORTED TO WORK
Audio
- Speakers
  WORKS WITH ISSUES
- 3.5mm jack
  WORKS
Connectivity
- Wi-Fi
  WORKS
- Bluetooth
  WORKS
Inputs
- Keyboard
  WORKS
- Touch pad
  WORKS
- Fingerprint scanner
  NOT TESTED
- Camera
  WORKS
- Microphone
  WORKS
Suspend
- Suspend to disk
  WORKS
- Suspend to ram
  WORKS
Dock station
WORKS WITH ISSUES
Info

Installing Debian

First of all, open BIOS (press F12 after turning on) and adjust a few settings:

set SATA mode to AHCI
disable “Secure Boot”

Then you can boot from live USB and install Debian.

I was installing Debian Bullseye, and it did not ship drivers for Wi-Fi adapter (they are in non-free section), so I installed via Ethernet connected to dock station.

Source: [1].

Video

3.5K OLED display

WORKS

I’m using Xfce + i3 on Debian, and I needed several tweeks to adjust apps for high resolution. I don’t know whether these tweeks are needed on GNOME and KDE or on other distros.

Note: all these changes will fully apply only after restart.

Configure Gtk3:

Xfce Settings > Appearance > Fonts > set “Custom DPI setting” to 96 (i.e. force default DPI)
Xfce Settings > Appearance > Settings > set “Window Scaling” to 2x

Configure cursor:

Xfce Settings > Mouse and Touchpad > Theme > set “Cursor size” to 48

Configure Qt:

open /etc/environment and add:
```
QT_SCALE_FACTOR=2
```

Configure X11:

open .Xresources and add:
```
Xft.dpi: 192
```
run:
```
xrdb .Xresources
```
This will affect some Gtk apps that do not respect “Custom DPI setting” and “Window Scaling” settings above. In my case, Xfce “Log out” popup for some reason ignores Xfce settings, but honors Xft.dpi.

Configure i3:

just use large font size for i3, i3status, and rofi (or whatever you use)

Configure LightDM [source]:

create /usr/local/bin/setup-lightdm, make it executable, and add the following:

#!/bin/sh
if [ ! -z "$DISPLAY" ]; then
  /usr/bin/xrandr --output eDP-1 --scale 0.65x0.65
fi

open /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf, find section [Seat:*] and add:
```
greeter-setup-script=/usr/local/bin/setup-lightdm
session-setup-script=/usr/local/bin/setup-lightdm
```
I did not find a working solution to scale login widgets properly, so I applied this workaround to scale the whole screen. It looks a bit blury, but at least it’s readable.

Configure TTY [source]:

install Terminus font:
```
sudo apt install xfonts-terminus
```
configure font:
```
sudo dpkg-reconfigure console-setup
```
Choose “UTF-8”, “Latin1”, “Terminus”, “16x32”.

Configure GRUB:

open /etc/default/grub and add:

GRUB_TERMINAL=gfxterm
GRUB_GFXMODE=1280x1024
GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_LINUX=keep

run:
```
sudo update-grub
```

Touch display

WORKS

Works out of the box.

Didn’t try to use it with dual display.

Integrated Intel video card

WORKS

At first I tried Debian Bullseye (currently stable), and graphics was lagging with i915 driver. Then I upgraded to Debian Bookworm (currently testing) and all issues were magically fixed.

I’m using X11.

Discrete NVIDIA video card

REPORTED TO WORK

I tried to install nvidia-driver on Debian Bullseye, but got black screen after reboot.

I didn’t try to dig into it further, however people on Reddit told me that it works without issues on newer kernel and video drivers.

Audio

Speakers

WORKS WITH ISSUES

In reviews, this laptop was claimed to have excellent sound quality, thanks to it’s two pairs of speakers. However, in my experience on Linux, the sound quality was not so good.

Here are the known issues:

In kernel versions below 5.15.46, the low frequency pair of speakers is not properly activated.

Links: [1], [2]
In kernel versions starting from 5.15.46 and below 6.2, both pairs of speakers are employed, but for some reason the sound feels “flat”.

Links: [1], [2], [3], [4]
In kernel versions starting from 6.2, the sound feels way better, but for my taste, I’d rate it average. I expected more, based on reviews.

As far as I know, the problems below 6.2 were specific to Linux and were not reproducing on Windows when using Dell driver. However, I don’t know whether on 6.2 it sounds the same as on Windows, or still has Linux-specific issues.

In Debian Bullseye, the kernel version is 5.10. In Bookworm, it is 6.1. You can install 6.2 by yourself, but it’s not stable yet. On my laptop, 6.2 causes freeze on reboot.

3.5mm jack

WORKS

Nothing to say here, it just works.

Connectivity

Wi-Fi

WORKS

Add non-free (in case of Debian Bullseye) or non-free-firmware (in case of Debian Bookworm) to /etc/apt/sources.list and run sudo apt update.

Then install the following packages:

sudo apt install firmware-iwlwifi intel-microcode firmware-misc-nonfree

Bluetooth

WORKS

If you’re running Debian Bookworm with PipeWire, install this package:

sudo apt install libspa-0.2-bluetooth

And restart BlueZ and PipeWire:

sudo systemctl restart bluetooth.service
systemctl --user restart pipewire.service

Inputs

Keyboard

WORKS

Works out of the box including backlight and Fn hotkeys.

Touch pad

WORKS

Works out of the box.

Fingerprint scanner

NOT TESTED

Never tried it.

Camera

WORKS

Works out of the box.

Microphone

WORKS

Works out of the box.

Medium sound quality, good for calls.

Suspend

Suspend to disk

WORKS

Works out of the box. See also “Dock station” section.

Suspend to ram

WORKS

Works out of the box.

Dock station

WORKS WITH ISSUES

I’m using Dell Thunderbolt Dock WD19TBS 130W.

(I chose this one because I heard that Dell modifiction of thunderbolt with 130 Watts is needed to properly power Dell laptops with OLED displays; probably that’s not fully true).

I’ve tried connecting dock station via USB and Thunderbolt ports. Both worked for me, but in case of USB I got a warning from BIOS (at boot time) that Thunderbolt port is recommended.

I’ve tested Ethernet, USB, and HDMI ports of the dock station. Everything worked out of the box.

One problem I experienced is that dock station HDMI sometimes stops working after resuming from hibernation or after reboot. It is fixed by rebooting dock station (power off and on) and then reconnecting HDMI.

Info

$ nproc
20

Comment: there are 20 threads and 14 cores (6 x 2-thread “performance” cores + 8 “efficient” cores).

$ cat /proc/cpuinfo | gh gist create

https://gist.github.com/gavv/efbf569f1180672149c981f3dfdfaf3a

$ lspci -k | gh gist create

https://gist.github.com/gavv/3ff8b3d52b02613994a533702918ca9a

$ lshw | gh gist create

https://gist.github.com/gavv/4ca7b7499ace338590fdaba94e387cb0